Bharat Ratna(translates to Jewel of India or Gem of India in English) is the Republic of India's Highest Civilian Award. awarded for the Highest degrees of National Service.
The original specifications for the award called for a circular gold medal, 35 mm in diameter, with the sun and the Hindi legend "Bharat Ratna" above and a floral wreath below. The reverse was to carry the state emblem and motto. It was to be worn around the neck from a white ribbon. History of Bharat Ratna Award
The order was established by Rajendra Prasad,President of India on Jan 02,1954. The original statutes of January 1954 did not make allowance for posthumous awards (and this perhaps explains why the decoration was never awarded to Mahatma Gandhi), though this provision was added in the January 1966 statute.
There was no formal provision that recipients of the Bharat Ratna should be Indian Citizens.
Bharat Ratna Award Given Withdrawn
The Bharat Ratna Award to Subhash Chandra Bose in 1992, which was later withdrawn due to a Legal Technicality, the only case of an award being withdrawn.
Bharat Ratna Award Suspended
The Award was briefly suspended from July 13, 1977 to Jan 26, 1980.
12 Posthumous Bharat Ratna Awards
S No
|
Name
|
Image
|
Awarded in
|
Notes
|
1
|
Lal Bahadur Shastri(1904-66)
|
1966
|
Independence Activist,
2nd Prime Minister of India
| |
2
|
K Kamaraj(1903-75)
|
1976
|
Independence Activist, CM of TN(April 1954-March 1957and April 1957-Oct 1963)
| |
3
|
Vinoba Bhave(1895-1982)
|
1983
|
Social Reformer, Independence Activist
| |
4
|
M G Ramachandran(1917-87)
|
1988
|
Film Actor,CM of TN(June 1977 - Feb 1980;June 1980- Nov 1984 and Feb 1985 - Dec 1987)
| |
5
|
B R Ambedkar(1891-1956)
|
1990
|
Chief Architect of the Indian Constitution, Politician, Economist, and Scholar
| |
6
|
Rajiv Gandhi(1944-91)
|
1991
|
7th Prime Minister of India
| |
7
|
Vallabhbhai Patel(1875-1950)
|
1991
|
Independence Activist ,
1st Home Minister
| |
8
|
Morarji Desai(1896-1995)
|
1991
|
Independence Activist,
5th Prime Minister of India
| |
9
|
Abdul Kalam Azad(1888-1958)
|
1992
|
Independence Activist,
1st Minister of Education
| |
10
|
Aruna Asaf Ali(1908-96)
|
1997
|
Independence Activist
| |
11
|
Jayaprakash Narayan(1902-79)
|
1999
|
Independence Activist,Politician
| |
12
|
Gopinath Bordoloi(1890-1950)
|
1999
|
Independence Activist, Chief Minister of Assam
| |
Of the 41 awards so far from 1954 to 2008 -
There has been one award to a Naturalised Indian Citizen, Mother Teresa(1980), and
Two Awards for Non-Indians - Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (1987) and Nelson Mandela (1990).
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