Russian President Vladimir Putin has signed into law a package of
controversial anti-terror amendments dubbed "Big Brother" measures by
critics that may cost internet companies billions.
The measures, posted online Thursday July 07,2016 by the government, boost the
surveillance powers for the security services by requiring communication
providers to store users' calls, messages, photographs and videos for
six months, as well as metadata for up to three years.
They also have to provide security services with access to this data and
any necessary encryption mechanisms necessary to use it.
They also criminalise several offences, lower the age of criminal
responsibility to 14 for some crimes and extend prison sentences for
online crimes like abetting terrorism.
The passage of the bills through Russia's lower and upper houses of
parliament sent shockwaves through the internet and telecoms industries.
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