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Tuesday, April 3, 2012

North Atlantic Treaty Organisation(NATO)


NATO is an Intergovernmental Military Alliance based on the North Atlantic Treaty which was signed on April 4,1949 in Washington D.C..The organisation constitutes a system of collective defence whereby its member states agree to mutual defense in response to an attack by any external party.
 The alliance includes 28 members in North America and Europe, with the newest being Albania and Croatia who joined in April 2009
NATO headquarters are in Brussels.
The treaty was created with an armed attack by the Soviet Union against Western Europe in mind, but the mutual self-defense clause was never invoked during the Cold War. Rather, it was invoked for the first time in 2001 in response to theSep 11,2001 attacks against the World Trade Center and The Pentagon in Operation Eagle Assist.
Founding Members of NATO that signed the treaty are -
1)Belgium
2)Canada
3)Denmark
4)France
5)Iceland
6)Italy
7)Luxembourg
8)Netherlands
9)Norway
10)Portugal
11)UK and
12)USA

Countries that signed the treaty and joined NATO are -

S No
Country
Year
1
Greece
1952
2
Turkey
1952
3
West Germany
1955
4
Spain
1982
5
Czech Republic
1999
6
Hungary
1999
7
Poland
1999
8
Bulgaria
2004
9
Estonia
2004
10
Latvia
2004
11
Lithuania
2004
12
Romania
2004
13
Slovakia
2004
14
Slovenia
2004
15
Abania
2009
16
Croatia
2009












NATO conducted their first military interventions inBosnia from 1991-95  and later Yugoslavia in 1999.
The Sep 11,2001 signalled the only occasion in NATO's history that Article 5 of the North Atlantic treaty has been invoked as an attack on all NATO members
Troops were deployed to Afghanistan under the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force(ISAF) by UNSC Resolution 1386 in Dec 2001
NATO Training Mission - Iraq was established in 2004 at the request of the Iraqi Interim Govt under the provisions of UNSC Resolution 1546
In March 2011 a multi-state coalition began a military intervention in Libya to implement UNSC Resolution 1973, which was taken in response to events during the Libyan Civil War and enforce a No-Fly Zone Over Libya

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