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Tuesday, April 3, 2012

Non Alignment Movement(NAM)


The Non-Aligned Movement (NAM)was founded in 1961 in Belgrade and was the brainchild of -
Yugoslavian President Josip Broz Tito
Indian Prime Minister Jawahar Lal Nehru
Egyptian President Gamel Abdel Nasser
Ghana's President Kwame Nkrumah and
Indonesian President Sukarno












NAM  is a Group of States considering themselves not aligned formally with or against any major power bloc.NAM advocates a middle course for states in the Developing World  between the Western and Eastern Blocs in the Cold War (refers to a continuing state of political and military tension between the powers of the Western World led by the USA and its NATO Allies(28 Member Countries in North America and Europe) and the Communist World  led by the Soviet Union,its Satellite States and Allies during 1945-91)


The countries of the Non-Aligned Movement represent nearly two-thirds of the UN Members and contain 55% of the world population. Membership is particularly concentrated in countries considered to be developing or part of the Third World.

NAM celebrated its 50th Anniversary in Belgrade on September 5–6, 2011














As of 2011, NAM had 120 Members and 17 Observer Countries and 10 Observer Organisations

NAM is run by the Secretary-General elected at last summit meeting. As a considerable part of the movement's work is undertaken at the UN in New York, the chair country's ambassador to the UN is expected to devote time and effort to matters concerning the Non-Aligned Movement. The Coordinating Bureau, also based at the UN, is the main instrument for directing the work of the movement's task forces, committees and working groups

NAM stems from a desire not to be aligned within a geopolitical/military structure and therefore itself does not have a very strict organizational structure.

The conference of Heads of State or Government of the Non-Aligned Countries, often referred to as Non-Aligned Movement Summit is the main meeting within the movement. The Summit Conference of Heads of State or Government of Non-Aligned States is "the highest decision making authority". The chairmanship rotates between countries and changes at every summit of heads of state or government to the country organizing the summit.
Non-Aligned Movement Summits Details 

S.No
Location
Period
1
Belgrade
September 1–6, 1961
2
Cairo, Egypt
October 5–10, 1964
3
Lusaka, Zambia
September 8–10, 1970
4
Algiers, Algeria
September 5–9, 1973
5
Colombo,Sri Lanka
August 16–19, 1976
6
Havana, Cuba
September 3–9, 1979
7
New Delhi,India
March 7–12, 1983
8
Harare,
September 1–6, 1986
9
Belgrade
September 4–7, 1989
10
Jakarta, Indonesia
September 1–6, 1992
11
Cartagena de Indias,Colombia
October 18–20, 1995
12
Durban, South Africa
September 2–3, 1998
13
Kuala Lumpur,Malaysia
February 20–25, 2003
14
Havana, Cuba
September 15–16, 2006
15
Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt
July 11–16, 2009
16













Secretaries-General of the Non-Aligned Movement
S.No
Name
Country
Period
1
Josip Broz Tito
Yugoslavia
1961-64
2
Gamel Abdul Nasser
Egypt
1964-70
3
Kenneth Gaunda
Zambia
1970-73
4
Houari Boumediene
Algeria
1973-76
5
William Gopallawa
Sri Lanka
1976-78
6
Junius Richard Jayewardene
Sri Lanka
1978-79
7
Fidel Castro
Cuba
1979-83
8
Neelam Sanjeeva Reddy
India
1983
9
Zail Singh
India
1983-86
10
Robert Mugambe
Zimbabwe
1986-89
11
Janez Drnovsek
Yugoslavia
1989-90
12
Borisav Jovic
Yugoslavia
1990-91
13
Stjepan Mesic
Yugoslavia
1991
14
Branko Kostic
Yugoslavia
1991-92
15
Suharto
Indonesia
1992-95
16
Ernesto Samper
Colombia
1995-98
17
Andres Pastrana Arango
Colombia
1998
18
Nelson Mandela
South Africa
1998-99
19
Thabo Mbeki
South Africa
1999-2003
20
Mahathir Mohamad
Malaysia
2003
21
Abdullah Ahmad Badawi
Malaysia
2003-06
22
Fidel Castro
Cuba
2006-08
23
Raul Castro
Cuba
2008-09
24
Hosni Mubarak
Egypt
2009-11
25
Mohamed Hussein Tantawi
Egypt
2011






















17 Observer Countries of NAM

S No
Country
1
Argentina
2
Armenia
3
Bosnia and Herzegovina
4
Brazil
5
China
6
Costa Rica
7
Croatia
8
El Salvador
9
Kazakhstan
10
Kyrgystan
11
Mexico
12
Montenegro
13
Paraguay
14
Serbia
15
Tajikistan
16
Ukraine
17
Uruguay






10 Observer Organizations of NAM
S No
Country
1
African Union
2
Afro-Asian People’s Solidarity Organization
3
Commonwealth Secretariat
4
Kanak Socialist National Liberation Front
5
League of Arab States
6
Hostosian National Independence Movement
7
Organisation of Islamic Co-operation
8
South Center
9
United Nations
10
World Peace Council



















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