Most rivers of India are plagued with interstate disputes.
Almost all the major rivers of the country are inter-state rivers and their waters are shared by two or more than two states.
After independence, demand for water had been increasing at an accelerated rate due to rapid growth of population, agricultural development, urbanisation, industrialisation, etc. These developments have led to several inter-state disputes about sharing of water of these rivers.
Following interstate river water disputes are worth mentioning
Many of these interstate river water disputes have been settled on the basis of equitable apportionment which is the universally accepted principle.
Adjudication through appointment of water disputes tribunals is also resorted to as and when require.
So far, the following tribunals have been appointed to resolve inter-state water disputes
The first 3 Tribunals have given their final reports.
The Ravi and Beas Tribunal submitted its report in January, 1987. A further reference was made to the Tribunal comprising of a suo-moto reference by the Central Government and references received from the Governments of Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan seeking explanation/guidance on certain points in the report. Further report of the Tribunal is awaited.
Cauvery Water Disputes Tribunal gave its interim order in June 1991 and The Cauvery Water Disputes Tribunal announced its final verdict on Feb 05,2007 whereby -
The actual release of water by Karnataka to Tamil Nadu is to be 192 billion ft³ (5.4 km³) annually
Water to be released to Tamil Nadu according to monthly schedule as: June month (10 tmcft), July (34), August (50), September (40), October (22), November (15), December (8), January (3), February (2.5), March (2.5), April (2.5) and May (2.5).
The New Krishna Water Disputes Tribunal was set up on April 2, 2004.
Almost all the major rivers of the country are inter-state rivers and their waters are shared by two or more than two states.
After independence, demand for water had been increasing at an accelerated rate due to rapid growth of population, agricultural development, urbanisation, industrialisation, etc. These developments have led to several inter-state disputes about sharing of water of these rivers.
Following interstate river water disputes are worth mentioning
- Cauvery water dispute between Tamil Nadu, Karnataka and Kerala.
- The Krishna water dispute between Maharashtra, Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
- The Tungabhadra water dispute between Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka.
- The Aliyar and Bhivani river water dispute between Tamil Nadu and Kerala.
- The Godavari river water dispute between Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Orissa and Karnataka.
- The Narmada water dispute between Gujarat, Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan.
- The Mahi river dispute between Gujarat, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh.
- The Ravi and Beas river water dispute between Punjab, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Rajasthan, Jammu and Kashmir and Delhi.
- The Satluj-Yamuna Link canal dispute between Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan.
- The Yamuna river water dispute between Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Delhi.
- The Karmanasa river water dispute between Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
- The Barak river water dispute between Assam and Manipur
Many of these interstate river water disputes have been settled on the basis of equitable apportionment which is the universally accepted principle.
Adjudication through appointment of water disputes tribunals is also resorted to as and when require.
So far, the following tribunals have been appointed to resolve inter-state water disputes
- The Godavari Water Disputes Tribunal
- The Krishna Water Disputes Tribunal
- The Narmada Water Disputes Tribunal
- The Ravi and Beas Water Disputes Tribunal
- The Cauvery Water Disputes Tribunal
- New Krishna Water Disputes
The first 3 Tribunals have given their final reports.
The Ravi and Beas Tribunal submitted its report in January, 1987. A further reference was made to the Tribunal comprising of a suo-moto reference by the Central Government and references received from the Governments of Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan seeking explanation/guidance on certain points in the report. Further report of the Tribunal is awaited.
Cauvery Water Disputes Tribunal gave its interim order in June 1991 and The Cauvery Water Disputes Tribunal announced its final verdict on Feb 05,2007 whereby -
- Tamil Nadu gets 419 billion ft³ (12 km³) of Cauvery water
- Karnataka gets 270 billion ft³ (7.6 km³)
- Kerala will get 30 billion ft³ and
- Puducherry will get 7 billion ft³
The actual release of water by Karnataka to Tamil Nadu is to be 192 billion ft³ (5.4 km³) annually
Water to be released to Tamil Nadu according to monthly schedule as: June month (10 tmcft), July (34), August (50), September (40), October (22), November (15), December (8), January (3), February (2.5), March (2.5), April (2.5) and May (2.5).
The New Krishna Water Disputes Tribunal was set up on April 2, 2004.
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