Country Profile
Bangladesh officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh is a sovereign state located in South Asia.The name Bangladesh means "Country of Bengal" .
Bangladesh is divided into 7 administrative divisions each named after their respective divisional headquarters.Divisions are subdivided into districts (zila). There are 64 districts in Bangladesh, each further subdivided into upazila (subdistricts) or thana
Bangladesh is one of the worlds largest clothing exporters.
Bangladesh is one of the world's major ship breakers. Unwanted vessels are broken up and melted down for recycling, providing the country with most of its steel.
Cricket is Bangladesh's most popular game, but Kabaddi, a combative seven-a-side game, is the national sport
The Sundarbans - 'beautiful jungle' in Bengali - is the world's largest mangrove forest. It became a World Heritage site in 1997. Six thousand of the 10,000 square kilometres of the jungle is in Bangladeshi territory, the remainder is in India's West Bengal state
Capital Dhaka
Currency Taka(BDT)
Official Language Bengali
Population 161 Million(2011 Estimate)
Ethnic Groups 98% Bengali and 2% Others
Religion 90% Islam and 10% Hinduism
History
Partition of Bengal
With the exit of British Empire in 1947,Bengal was divided along religious lines, with the western part going to newly created India and the eastern part (Muslim majority) joining Pakistan as a province called East Bengal (later renamed East Pakistan ), with its capital at Dhaka.
Awami League Emerges
Despite the economic and demographic weight of the east, however, Pakistan's government and military were largely dominated by the upper classes from the west. The Bengali Language Movement of 1952 was the first sign of friction between the two wings of Pakistan.Dissatisfaction with the central government over economic and cultural issues continued to rise through the next decade, during which the Awami League emerged as the political voice of the Bengali-speaking population.
Awami League's Agitation For Autonomy
Awami League agitated for autonomy in the 1960s, and in 1966, its president,Sheikh Mujibur Rahman was jailed; he was released in 1969 after an unprecedented popular uprising. In 1970, a massive Cyclone devastated the coast of East Pakistan, killing up to half a million people, and the central government responded poorly. The Bengali population's anger was compounded when Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, whose
Awami League Wins Parliamentary Elections
Awami League won a majority in Parliament in the 1970 elections, was blocked from taking office.
President Yahya Khan and military officials launched Operation Searchlight, a sustained military assault on East Pakistan and arrested Sheikh Mujibur Rahman in the early hours of March 26,1971. Mujibur Rahman was ultimately released on Jan 8, 1972, due to direct US intervention.
Awami League Govt in Exile
Awami League leaders set up a government-in-exile in Calcutta , India. The exile government formally took oath at Meherpur, in Kustia district of East Pakistan on 17 April 1971, with Tajuddin Ahmad as the first Prime Minister and Syed Nazrul Islam as the Acting President.
Bangladesh Liberation War(March 26 - Dec 16,1971)
The war broke out on March 26,1971 as army units directed by West Pakistan launched a military operation in East Pakistan against Bengali civilians, students,intelligentsia and armed personnel who were demanding separation of the East from West Pakistan. Bengali military, paramilitary, and civilians formed theMukti Bahini.On Dec 16, 1971, the allied forces of the Indian Army and the Mukti Bahini defeated the West Pakistani forces deployed in the East. The resulting surrender was the largest in number of prisoners of war since world war II.The Indian Army remained in Bangladesh until March 19,1972.
Bangladesh became an Indian army installed Awami League government, with Mujib as the Prime Minister, without holding any elections. In the 1973 parliamentary elections, the Awami League gained an absolute majority.
Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's Assassination and Military Rule
In 1975, Mujib initiated a one-party socialist rule with his newly formed BAKSAL. On Aug 15,1975, Mujib and most of his family members were assassinated by mid-level military officers.
Vice President Khandaker Mushtaq Ahmed was sworn in as President with most of Mujib's cabinet intact. Two short uprisings occurred within the Army personnel -
One on Nov 3,1975 and the other on Nov 7 1975. The uprisings culminated into the reorganised structure of power. Emergency was declared to restore order and calm, Mushtaq resigned and the country was placed under temporary Martial Law with 3 Service Chief's serving as DCMLA's while the new president Justive Abu Satem as CMLA.
Ziaur Rahman's Rule
Lieutenant General Ziaur Rahman exchanged seat of the presidency in 1977 as Justice Sayem resigned. President Zia reinstated multi-party politics, introduced free markets, and founded theBangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP). Zia's rule ended when he was assassinated by elements of the military in 1981.
Ershad's Rule
Lieutenant General Hossain Mohammad Ershad, who under the tutelage and guidance of India, gained power in a coup on March 24, 1982, and ruled until Dec 6, 1990, when he was forced to resign after a revolt of all major political parties and the public.
Khaleda Zia and Sheikh Hasina's Rule
Ziaur Rahman's widow,Khaleda Zia, led the BNP to parliamentary victory at the general election in 1991, and became the first female Prime Minister in Bangladeshi history.Awami League, headed by Sheikh Hasina , one of Mujib's surviving daughters, won the next election in 1996. It lost again to the Bangladesh Nationalist Party in 2001.
Government
Bangladesh is a Unitary State and Parliamentary Democracy where in the direct elections all citizens, aged 18 or over, can vote every 5 years for the Unicameral Parliament - Jatiya Sangsad which has 345 members including 45 reserved seats for women, elected from single-member constituencies.
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The President of Bangladesh is the Head of State who takes precedence over all individuals of Bangladesh and appoints the legislative, executive and the judiciary.The President is elected to office by the 300 Parliament Members in an open ballot and he will continue to hold office even after his five-year tenure expires, until a successor is elected.The President can dissolve Parliament upon the written request of the Prime Minister.
Md. Zillur Rahman is the 19th and Current President of Bangladesh in office from Feb 12,2009
2009 Bangladesh Presidential Election - Feb 16,2009
The Awami League which resoundingly won the 2008 Parliamentary Election, nominated AL presidium member Zillur Rahman as its candidate for President.Zillur Rahman was the only candidate who submitted papers by the nomination deadline of Feb 9,2009 and the Elction Commission declared him elected.
The Prime Minister of Bangladesh is the Head of Govt.appointed by the President of Bangladesh, forms the Cabinet and runs the day-to-day affairs of State. The PM must be an Member of Parliament who commands the confidence of the majority of parliament.The Prime Minister will be the leader of the majority party (or coalition) in the Jatiya Sangsad and must have the confidence of the Jatiya Sangsad to govern. The cabinet is composed of ministers selected by the prime minister and appointed by the president. At least 90% of the ministers must be MPs. The other 10% may be non-MP experts or "technocrats" who are not otherwise disqualified from being elected MPs
Sheikh Hasina is the Current Prime Minister of Bangladesh in office from Jan 6,2009
Jatiyo Sangshad(Bangladesh Parliament)
Jatiyo Sangshad, often referred simply as the Sangshad or JS; and also known as House of the Nation; is the supreme legislative body of Bangladesh
The current parliament of Bangladesh contains 350 seats, including 50 seats reserved for women, which are apportioned on elected party position in the parliament
Political groups
Government(263)
- Bangladesh Awami League (230)
- Jatiya Party (27)
- Jatiyo Samajtantrik Dal (3)
- Workers Party of Bangladesh (2)
- Liberal Democratic Party (1)
Opposition Parties(37)
- Bangladesh Nationalist Party (30)
- Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islam(2)
- Bangladesh Jatiya Party (1)
- Independents (4)
Members are elected for a term of 5 years by direct polls in their respective constituencies. Whoever wins the most votes, regardless of turnout or proportion, wins the election.
2008 Bangladeshi General Election Dec 29,2008
The Ninth National Parliamentary Elections 2008 were held in Bangladesh on Dec 29,2008
The two main parties in the election were -
Bangladesh Nationalist Party(BNP) led by Khaleda Zia and
Awami League led by Sheikh Hasina
The Awami League formed a fourteen-party grand alliance including Ershad's Jatiya Party
BNP formed a four-party alliance which included the Islamist party Jamaat-e-Islam
The election resulted in a landslide victory for the Awami League-led grand alliance,which bagged 263 seats out 300. The BNP 4-party alliance
received only 32 seats, with the remaining four going to independent
candidates.
Asia Cup 2012 - March 11 -22 ,2012
India squad: MS Dhoni (capt/wk), Sachin Tendulkar, Virat Kohli, Gautam Gambhir, Rohit Sharma, Suresh Raina, Ravindra Jadeja, Manoj Tiwary, R Ashwin, Praveen Kumar, Vinay Kumar, Rahul Sharma, Yusuf Pathan. Irfan Pathan, Ashok Dinda
2012 Asia Cup Schedule
Match 1 - on Sunday March 11,2012 at Shere Bangla National Stadium, Mirpur
Pakistan Scored 262/8 in 50 Overs
Top Scorers for Pakistan Mohammad Hafeez 89
Nasir Jamshed 54
Umar Gul 39
Wickets Takers for Bangladesh
Shahadat Hossain 3-53
Shakib Al Hasan 2-41
| Mashrafe Mortaza 1-55 |
Bangladesh Scored 241/10 in 48.1 Overs
Top Scorers for Bangladesh
Tamim Iqbal 64
Shakib Al Hasan 64
Nasir Hossain 47
Wickets Takers for Pakistan
Mohammad Hafeez 2-40
Umar Gul 3-58
Saeed Ajmal 2-45
| Aizaz Cheema 1-47 |
Pakistan beats Bangladesh by 21 Runs
Match 2 - on Tuesday March 13,2012 at Shere Bangla National Stadium, Mirpur
India Scored 304/3 in 50 Overs
Top Scorers for India
Gautam Gambhir 100(10th ODI Century)
Virat Kohli 108(10th ODI Century)
M S Dhoni 46 Not Out
Suresh Raina 30 Not Out
Wicket Takers for Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka Scored 254/10 in 45.1 Overs
Top Scorers for Sri Lanka
| Mahela Jayawardena 78 |
| Kumar Sangakkara 65 |
Top Wicket Takers for India
Irfan Pathan 4-32
Vinay Kumar 3-55
Ravichandran Ashwin 3-39
India beats Sri Lanka by 50 Runs
Man of the Match - Virat Kohli
Kohli became the 9th Indian player to make 1,000 runs or more against Sri Lanka in ODIs - 1090 at 51.90 in 25 ODIs.
He has joined Sachin Tendulkar (3113), Mahendra Singh Dhoni (1906), Mohammad Azharuddin (1834), Rahul Dravid (1662), Virender Sehwag (1551), Sourav Ganguly (1534), Gautam Gambhir (1410) and Yuvraj Singh (1393).
Kohli became the first Indian batsman to hit back to back centuries twice in ODIs -
1)118 vs Australia at Visakhapatnam on October 20, 2010 & 105 vs New Zealand at Guwahati on November 28, 2010
2)133 not out at Hobart on February 28, 2012 and 108 at Mirpur, Dhaka on March 13, 2012 - both against Sri Lanka
Gautam Gambhir's Century is his 10th in ODIs - his 5th against Sri Lanka.
Gautam Gambhir and Virat Kohli Partnership scored 205 Runs for the 2ndwicket - India's highest stand for any wicket in the Asia Cup(previous best - 98 for the second wicket between Suresh Raina and Virender Sehwag against Pakistan at Karachi on June 26, 2008)
Match 3 - on Thursday March 15,2012 at Shere Bangla National Stadium, Mirpur
Sri Lanka scored 188/10 Runs in 45.4 Overs
Top Scorers for Sri Lanka
Sangakkara 71
Tharanga 57
Wicket Takers for Pakistan
Aizaz Cheema 4-43
Saeed Ajmal 3-27
Umar Gul 2-20
Hammad Azam 1-21
Pakistan Scored 189/4 in 39.5 Overs
Top Scorers for Pakistan
Misabh-ul-Haq 72 Not Out
Umar Akmal 77
Wicket Takers for Sri Lanka
Lakmal 2-37
Prasanna 1-49
Maharoof 1-23
Misabh-ul-Haq and Umar Akmal made 152 Runs for the 4th wicket
Pakistan won the match by 6 wickets
Man of the Match - Aziz Cheema
Match 4- on Thursday March 16,2012 at Shere Bangla National Stadium, Mirpur
India Scored 289/5 in 50 Overs
Bangladesh Scored 293/5 in 49.2 Overs
Man of the Match - Shakib Al Hasan
India Scored 289/5 in 50 Overs
Top Scorers for India
Sachin Tendulkar 114(his 100th Intl Ton)
Virat Kohli 66
Suresh Raina 51
M S Dhoni 21 Not Out
Wicket Takers for Bangladesh| Mashrafe Mortaza | 2-44 |
Shafiul Islam 1-24
Abbdur Razzak 1-41Bangladesh Scored 293/5 in 49.2 Overs
Top Scorers for Bangladesh
Tamim Iqbal 70
Jahurul Islam 53
Nasir Hossain 54
Shakib Al Hasan 49
Mushfiqur Rahim (C) 46 Not Out
Wicket Takers for India
Praveen Kumar 3-56
Aswin 1-56
Jadeja 1-32
Bangladesh won the Match by 5 wickets
Man of the Match - Shakib Al Hasan
Match 5- on Sunday March 18,2012 at Shere Bangla National Stadium, Mirpur
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